alias - defines an alias for the specified command at - runs a specified script or command at a set later time. atq - shows jobs in the at utility queue. atrm - deletes the specified job from the at utility queue.

awk - pattern scanning and processing language

bash - uses the Bourne Again Shell command language to interpret commands from standard input or a file, or to launch a subshell.

bc - Performs calculations via its programming language.

bind - binds a keyboard sequence to a readline function or macro.

break - exits from a for , while , select , or until loop.

builtin - executes the specified shell built‐in command.

bzip2 - compresses using the Burrows–Wheeler block sorting text compression algorithm and Huffman coding.

caller - returns the context of any active subroutine call.

case - selectively executes commands based on pattern.

cd - changes the current directory to the specified directory. cat - lists the contents of the specified file. change - changes the password expiration date for the specified system user account.

chfn - changes the specified user account's current information. chgrp - changes the default group of the specified file or directory. chmod - changes system security permissions for the specified file or directory

chown - changes the default owner of the specified file or directory. chpasswd - reads a file of login name and password pairs and updates the passwords. chsh - changes the specified user account's default shell.

clear - clears text from a terminal emulator or virtual console. terminal.

command - executes the specified command without the normal shell lookup.

compgen - generates possible completion matches for the specified word.

complete - displays how the specified words would be completed.

compopt - changes options for how the specified words would be completed. compress - original Unix file compression utility.